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芦竹组培苗大田种植后的生长阶段 The growth stage of the Juncao Arundo Donax L tissue cultured seedlings after field planting
发布时间：
2025-07-26
芦竹组培苗移栽至大田后，需经历从适应环境到成熟生长的多个阶段，各阶段具有独特的生长特征和管理需求。
一、大田适应阶段（移栽后1-2周）
核心任务：组培苗从人工可控环境过渡到自然大田环境，完成根系与土壤的融合。
生长表现：植株地上部分生长缓慢，叶片可能出现短暂萎蔫，地下根系开始从培养基依赖转向土壤营养吸收，新根萌发量较少。
关键管理：保持土壤湿润（含水量60%-70%），注意杂草的防治。
After transplanting Juncao Arundo Donax L tissue cultured seedlings into the field, they need to go through multiple stages from adapting to the environment to mature growth, each stage having unique growth characteristics and management requirements.
1、 Field adaptation stage (1-2 weeks after transplanting)
Core task: Transition of tissue culture seedlings from a controlled artificial environment to a natural field environment, completing the integration of roots and soil.
Growth performance: The aboveground part of the plant grows slowly, and the leaves may briefly wilt. The underground root system begins to shift from medium dependence to soil nutrient absorption, and the amount of new root germination is relatively low.
Key management: Keep the soil moist (with a moisture content of 60% -70%) and pay attention to weed control.
二、营养生长阶段（定植后3-8周）
根系扩展期（3-5周）
根系深度可达20-30cm，须根数量显著增加，形成密集根群，为后续生长奠定基础。
此阶段需追加氮磷钾复合肥（比例1:1:1），促进根系发育。
茎叶快速生长期（6-8周）
株高日均增长1.5-2cm，茎秆直径加粗，叶片数量增至10-15片，叶色浓绿有光泽。
需保证充足光照（每日≥6小时直射光），土壤保持见干见湿，避免积水烂根。
2、Nutritional growth stage (3-8 weeks after planting)
Root expansion period (3-5 weeks)
The root depth can reach 20-30cm, and the number of fibrous roots significantly increases, forming a dense root group and laying the foundation for subsequent growth.
At this stage, it is necessary to add nitrogen phosphorus potassium compound fertilizer (ratio 1:1:1) to promote root development.
Rapid growth period of stems and leaves (6-8 weeks)
The average daily increase in plant height is 1.5-2cm, the stem diameter has become thicker, the number of leaves has increased to 10-15, and the leaf color is dark green and glossy.
Ensure sufficient sunlight (≥ 6 hours of direct sunlight per day), keep the soil dry and moist, and avoid waterlogging and root rot.
三、旺盛生长阶段（定植后9-16周）
株高爆发期：株高可达1.5-2.5m，茎节间距拉长，进入营养生长峰值，生物量累积速度最快。
分蘖形成：单株分蘖数达3-5个，形成丛生状植株
管理重点：追施高氮肥料（如尿素，每亩20kg），结合中耕松土促进根系呼吸，雨后及时排水防涝。
3、Vigorous growth stage (9-16 weeks after planting)
Plant height outbreak period: The plant height can reach 1.5-2.5 meters, with elongated stem node spacing, entering the peak of nutritional growth, and the fastest biomass accumulation rate.
Tilling formation: The number of tillers per plant reaches 3-5, forming clustered plants
Management focus: Apply high nitrogen fertilizers (such as urea, 20kg per mu), combine with tillage and soil loosening to promote root respiration, and timely drainage and flood prevention after rain.
四、成熟与生殖准备阶段（定植后17周-越冬前）
株型稳定：株高增长放缓，茎秆木质化程度提高，基部叶片逐渐老化枯黄。
生殖器官分化：若秋季气温适宜（日均温18-22℃），部分植株开始孕育花芽，花期集中在9-11月。
越冬准备：地下根茎储存养分，地上部分生长停滞，可刈割地上茎秆（留茬5-10cm），极度寒冷地区需覆盖秸秆保温防寒。
4、Maturity and reproductive preparation stage (17 weeks after planting - before overwintering)
Stable plant type: The growth of plant height slows down, the degree of lignification of stems increases, and the base leaves gradually age and turn yellow.
Reproductive organ differentiation: If the autumn temperature is suitable （daily average temperature 18-22 ℃）, some plants begin to develop flower buds, and the flowering period is concentrated from September to November.
Winter preparation: The underground rhizomes store nutrients, while the above ground parts experience growth arrest. The above ground stems can be pruned (with a stubble of 5-10cm), and in extremely cold areas, straw should be covered for insulation and cold protection.
通过精准把握各阶段的生长规律，结合科学的水肥管理和环境调控，可使芦竹组培苗在大田环境中实现快速定植和高效生长，增加产量。
注：以上数据基于北纬35°附近进行观测，其他维度可能略有偏差。
By accurately grasping the growth patterns of each stage, combined with scientific water and fertilizer management and environmental regulation, Juncao Arundo Donax L tissue culture seedlings can achieve rapid planting and efficient growth in the field environment, increasing yield.
Note: The above data is based on observations near 35° N latitude, and there may be slight deviations in other dimensions.
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河南绿碧源农林开发有限公司 Henan Lvbiyuan Agriculture & Forestry Development Co., Ltd.
